{"id":902,"date":"2026-10-24T13:04:39","date_gmt":"2026-10-24T11:04:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uncoeurquiagit-associationhumanitaire.fr\/?p=902"},"modified":"2026-10-24T13:04:39","modified_gmt":"2026-10-24T11:04:39","slug":"scolarisation-des-filles-en-afrique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uncoeurquiagit.fr\/en\/scolarisation-des-filles-en-afrique\/","title":{"rendered":"Scolarisation des filles en Afrique : obstacles et leviers"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>En bref :<\/strong> la scolarisation des filles en Afrique a beaucoup progress\u00e9, mais l&rsquo;Afrique subsaharienne reste la r\u00e9gion du monde o\u00f9 le plus de filles ne vont pas \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cole, surtout apr\u00e8s le primaire. Les obstacles sont connus : la corv\u00e9e d&rsquo;eau, le co\u00fbt de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole, le mariage pr\u00e9coce, le manque d&rsquo;hygi\u00e8ne menstruelle. Les leviers aussi : de l&rsquo;eau potable pr\u00e8s des maisons, une \u00e9cole abordable, et des m\u00e8res qui gagnent en autonomie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O\u00f9 en est la scolarisation des filles ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En quelques d\u00e9cennies, l&rsquo;acc\u00e8s des filles \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cole primaire a fortement augment\u00e9 sur le continent. Mais selon l&rsquo;UNESCO, plus de 100 millions de filles dans le monde ne sont toujours pas scolaris\u00e9es, et l&rsquo;Afrique subsaharienne concentre la plus forte proportion d&rsquo;enfants hors de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&rsquo;\u00e9cart se creuse surtout \u00e0 l&rsquo;adolescence. Beaucoup de filles commencent l&rsquo;\u00e9cole primaire, moins nombreuses sont celles qui la terminent, et moins encore celles qui atteignent le lyc\u00e9e. C&rsquo;est \u00e0 ce moment que les contraintes familiales, \u00e9conomiques et sociales p\u00e8sent le plus lourd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&rsquo;enjeu d\u00e9passe la seule salle de classe. De nombreux travaux, notamment ceux de la Banque mondiale et de l&rsquo;UNESCO, montrent qu&rsquo;une fille qui reste plus longtemps \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cole se marie en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral plus tard, a plus souvent acc\u00e8s \u00e0 un revenu, et que ses propres enfants ont davantage de chances d&rsquo;\u00eatre en bonne sant\u00e9 et scolaris\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les obstacles qui \u00e9loignent les filles de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>La corv\u00e9e d&rsquo;eau.<\/strong> Selon l&rsquo;UNICEF et l&rsquo;OMS, dans la grande majorit\u00e9 des foyers qui n&rsquo;ont pas l&rsquo;eau \u00e0 domicile, ce sont les femmes et les filles qui vont la chercher. Ces heures de marche sont prises sur le temps d&rsquo;\u00e9cole et de devoirs.<\/li><li><strong>Le co\u00fbt de la scolarit\u00e9.<\/strong> Quand l&rsquo;argent manque pour scolariser tous les enfants, les familles font des choix, et ce sont souvent les filles qui restent \u00e0 la maison.<\/li><li><strong>Le mariage et les grossesses pr\u00e9coces.<\/strong> L&rsquo;UNICEF rappelle que le mariage des enfants reste fr\u00e9quent en Afrique subsaharienne. Une fille mari\u00e9e jeune quitte presque toujours l&rsquo;\u00e9cole.<\/li><li><strong>L&rsquo;hygi\u00e8ne menstruelle.<\/strong> Sans protections, sans toilettes s\u00e9par\u00e9es ni point d&rsquo;eau \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cole, de nombreuses adolescentes manquent les cours plusieurs jours par mois, puis d\u00e9crochent.<\/li><li><strong>La distance et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/strong> Une \u00e9cole \u00e9loign\u00e9e, un trajet \u00e0 pied sur des pistes isol\u00e9es : autant de raisons pour des parents inquiets de garder leur fille pr\u00e8s d&rsquo;eux.<\/li><li><strong>Les t\u00e2ches domestiques.<\/strong> Garde des plus petits, cuisine, travaux des champs : elles reposent plus souvent sur les filles.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les leviers qui fonctionnent<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il n&rsquo;y a pas de solution miracle, mais les acteurs de terrain s&rsquo;accordent sur quelques leviers concrets, qui se renforcent les uns les autres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Rapprocher l&rsquo;eau potable<\/strong> des maisons et des \u00e9coles, pour lib\u00e9rer du temps et am\u00e9liorer l&rsquo;hygi\u00e8ne.<\/li><li><strong>All\u00e9ger le co\u00fbt de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole :<\/strong> frais de scolarit\u00e9, fournitures, uniforme, chaussures.<\/li><li><strong>Am\u00e9liorer les \u00e9coles :<\/strong> salles de classe en bon \u00e9tat, latrines, point d&rsquo;eau.<\/li><li><strong>Fournir des produits d&rsquo;hygi\u00e8ne<\/strong> aux adolescentes et en parler sans tabou.<\/li><li><strong>Renforcer l&rsquo;autonomie des m\u00e8res.<\/strong> Une femme qui sait lire et dispose d&rsquo;un revenu investit davantage dans l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation de ses enfants, filles comprises.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Eau, \u00e9ducation, femmes : trois piliers qui se tiennent<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ces leviers recoupent nos domaines d&rsquo;action. Nous le r\u00e9sumons ainsi : l&rsquo;eau potable change tout, la sant\u00e9 des familles, la scolarit\u00e9 des filles, le temps des femmes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>L&rsquo;eau potable.<\/strong> Nous avons financ\u00e9 et suivi des forages dans trois villages du Cameroun : Bamena et Bamougoum, dans la r\u00e9gion de l&rsquo;Ouest, et Omeng, dans la r\u00e9gion du Centre. L&rsquo;entretien est confi\u00e9 \u00e0 des comit\u00e9s locaux. Tous les d\u00e9tails sur la page <a href=\"\/forage-eau-potable-cameroun\/\">forages d&rsquo;eau potable au Cameroun<\/a>.<\/li><li><strong>L&rsquo;\u00e9ducation.<\/strong> Nous prenons en charge des frais de scolarit\u00e9, distribuons kits scolaires, uniformes et chaussures, et avons engag\u00e9 une \u00e9tude pour construire et r\u00e9habiliter les salles de classe de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole publique d&rsquo;Omeng.<\/li><li><strong>L&rsquo;autonomisation des femmes.<\/strong> Alphab\u00e9tisation, formation et activit\u00e9s g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrices de revenus font partie de nos domaines d&rsquo;action. En mai 2026, par exemple, nous avons remis une aide financi\u00e8re \u00e0 Madame Dogmo, une femme en situation de handicap, pour d\u00e9velopper son salon de coiffure.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Notre association elle-m\u00eame est n\u00e9e d&rsquo;une m\u00e8re : en ao\u00fbt 2024, notre fondatrice a rencontr\u00e9 une jeune veuve, m\u00e8re de cinq enfants, qui ne pouvait pas financer la rentr\u00e9e scolaire. Aider une m\u00e8re \u00e0 scolariser ses enfants, c&rsquo;est donner une chance \u00e0 ses filles comme \u00e0 ses fils.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce que vous pouvez faire<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Soutenir la scolarisation des filles ne passe pas forc\u00e9ment par un programme r\u00e9serv\u00e9 aux filles. Le plus efficace est souvent de lever les obstacles qui p\u00e8sent d&rsquo;abord sur elles : l&rsquo;eau, le co\u00fbt de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole, l&rsquo;\u00e9tat des salles de classe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Faire un don<\/strong>, ponctuel ou mensuel. Il ouvre droit \u00e0 une r\u00e9duction d&rsquo;imp\u00f4t de 66 % : 50 \u20ac vous reviennent \u00e0 17 \u20ac.<\/li><li><strong>Donner de votre temps<\/strong> depuis la France : collectes, communication, recherche de partenaires. Toutes les missions sont sur la page <a href=\"\/nous-rejoindre\/\">nous rejoindre<\/a>.<\/li><li><strong>Engager votre entreprise<\/strong> par du m\u00e9c\u00e9nat financier, des dons en nature ou de comp\u00e9tences.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour voir concr\u00e8tement o\u00f9 vont les dons, nos <a href=\"\/chroniques\/\">chroniques mensuelles<\/a> racontent chaque action, mois apr\u00e8s mois.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-3e41869c wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"\/faire-un-don\/\">Soutenir l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation des enfants<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Questions fr\u00e9quentes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pourquoi les filles sont-elles moins scolaris\u00e9es en Afrique ?<\/h3>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Plusieurs obstacles se cumulent : la corv\u00e9e d&rsquo;eau, qui repose surtout sur les filles, le co\u00fbt de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole, le mariage et les grossesses pr\u00e9coces, le manque d&rsquo;hygi\u00e8ne menstruelle \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cole, la distance et les t\u00e2ches domestiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quel est le lien entre l&rsquo;eau potable et l&rsquo;\u00e9cole des filles ?<\/h3>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0 o\u00f9 l&rsquo;eau n&rsquo;est pas disponible \u00e0 domicile, ce sont surtout les femmes et les filles qui vont la chercher. Un point d&rsquo;eau proche lib\u00e8re du temps pour l&rsquo;\u00e9cole, et un point d&rsquo;eau \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cole permet aux adolescentes de g\u00e9rer leurs r\u00e8gles sans manquer les cours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comment aider la scolarisation des filles en Afrique ?<\/h3>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En soutenant des actions qui l\u00e8vent les obstacles : forages d&rsquo;eau potable, prise en charge des frais et fournitures scolaires, am\u00e9lioration des \u00e9coles, autonomie \u00e9conomique des m\u00e8res. Un don \u00e0 Un C\u0153ur Qui Agit est d\u00e9ductible des imp\u00f4ts \u00e0 66 %.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Pourquoi les filles sont-elles moins scolaris\u00e9es en Afrique ?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Plusieurs obstacles se cumulent : la corv\u00e9e d'eau, qui repose surtout sur les filles, le co\u00fbt de l'\u00e9cole, le mariage et les grossesses pr\u00e9coces, le manque d'hygi\u00e8ne menstruelle \u00e0 l'\u00e9cole, la distance et les t\u00e2ches domestiques.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Quel est le lien entre l'eau potable et l'\u00e9cole des filles ?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"L\u00e0 o\u00f9 l'eau n'est pas disponible \u00e0 domicile, ce sont surtout les femmes et les filles qui vont la chercher. 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Les obstacles, les solutions et comment agir.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":706,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-902","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guides-conseils"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Scolarisation des filles en Afrique : obstacles et leviers - UN COEUR QUI AGIT<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scolarisation des filles en Afrique : corv\u00e9e d&#039;eau, co\u00fbt de l&#039;\u00e9cole, mariage pr\u00e9coce, hygi\u00e8ne menstruelle. 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